Discuesses the 10 worst countries for access to clean water and highlights challenges faced by thees communities.

Author: DoSomething

11 Facts About Water in the Developing World

About a community-based approach to promote household water treatment and safe storage (HWTS) in rural Ethiopia. The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a community-based intervention in promoting HWTS practices and reducing diarrheal diseases.

Study surrounding the effectiveness of a modified slow sand filtration system for treating epikarst water in rural China.

Proposes a multidimensional approach to measuring water poverty, which takes into account not only access to clean water but also factors such as water quality, reliability, affordability, and sustainability.

Impact of air pollution on cognitive performance and finds that long-term exposure to air pollution is associated with a significant reduction in verbal and math test scores.

Author: Gruber, Joshua S., Reygadas, Fermin, Arnold, Benjamin F., Ray, Isha, Nelson, Kara, Colford, John M.

This study, in partnership with a non-profit, assessed the Mesita Azul, a UV-disinfection system for drinking water in rural Mexico. Over 15 months with 444 households across 24 communities, the system increased access to treated water (23–62%) and decreased Escherichia coli contamination. However, no significant reduction in diarrhea was observed. The study supports Mesita Azul's promotion in areas with higher diarrhea prevalence.

Evaluate the effectiveness of different home filtration methods in removing bacterial contaminants from tap water, and to provide recommendations for households on the most effective filtration methods.

In this systematic review, a range of challenges experienced by women relating to inadequate WASH resources are described and their intersection with health are explored.

The research paper discusses a study conducted in South Sudan to evaluate the acceptability, effectiveness, and fouling of PointOne membrane filters in reducing thermotolerant coliforms. The study found that the filters were acceptable and effective in reducing coliforms for four months, but effectiveness dropped when surface water use increased.

The document provides comprehensive guidance on the selection of chlorine tablets for household water treatment in emergency situations. It outlines a procedure for assessing water quality, recipient context, taste and odor thresholds, and local context to determine the most appropriate chlorine tablet size.

Process of adapting a safe water storage container to improve its usability and acceptability among rural households in Malawi and finds that the modified container is well-received and can help to improve water storage and hygiene practices.

Author: Anderson, Darcy M., Fisher, Michael B., Kwena, Osborn, Kambou, Hermann, Broseus, Romain, Williams, Ashley R., Liang, Kaida, Ramaswamy, Rohit, Bartram, Jamie

Process of adapting a safe water storage container to improve its usability and acceptability among rural households in Malawi and finds that the modified container is well-received and can help to improve water storage and hygiene practices.

Propose a new framework for evaluating the performance of point-of-use water treatment products, which takes into account the variability of water quality and user behavior in different contexts.

Exposure to Aluminium (Al) occurs through inhalation, ingestion, and skin contact, leading to health concerns such as oxidative stress, neurological disorders, and heart issues. This review underscores the diverse health implications of Al, advocating for continuous research on its public health impact.

Potential health effects of aluminum exposure through drinking water and provides information on the sources, treatment, and regulation of aluminum in drinking water.

The purpose of this consultation is to solicit comments on the proposed guideline and operational guidance (OG) value, on the approach used for their development, and on the potential economic costs of implementing them.

Boiling can be an effective method of household water treatment, but it may not always be practical or feasible for households due to cost and time constraints.

Evaluate the effectiveness of in-line drinking water chlorination in reducing child diarrhoea in urban Bangladesh.

This paper explores the potential of technologically driven water solutions to effect change in developing countries.

The study found that both solar disinfection and chlorine disinfection were effective in reducing the presence of bacteria and viruses in the water, but solar disinfection was more effective against viruses.

WHO fact sheet on arsenic provides key facts and information on sources of exposure, health effects, WHO response.

Provides information on the sources, health effects, and treatment options for arsenic in drinking water.

Author: J. Herkert, Nicholas, Merrill, John, Peters, Cara, Bollinger, David, Zhang, Sharon, Hoffman, Kate, Ferguson, P. Lee, Knappe, Detlef R. U., Stapleton, Heather M.

The study investigated the occurrence and fate of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in the wastewater treatment process.

Evaluate the effectiveness of a community-based intervention using in-line chlorination to improve household stored drinking water quality and reduce child diarrhoea in low-income urban settings with intermittent water supply in Bangladesh.

Describes USAID's response to the 2017 cholera outbreak in Sierra Leone, which was exacerbated by flooding and mudslides caused by heavy rains.

The website provides information on the sources of bacteria, how they enter the water supply, and the health effects of consuming water with high bacteria levels.

Barium in drinking water, including sources of barium, health effects of exposure, and guidelines for safe levels of barium in drinking water.

Questions and answers about lead in drinking water -- health effects, EPA regulations etc.

Health effects of benzene in drinking water, including the potential for increased risk of cancer and other adverse health outcomes.

A review of the literature on the occurrence and fate of the pharmaceutical drug tamoxifen in the environment, including its sources, levels, and potential impacts on human and environmental health.

Author: UN-Water

Overview of progress towards achieving Sustainable Development Goal 6, which aims to ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all, and highlights the need for urgent action to accelerate progress towards achieving the goal.

The doccument covers the sources of PFAS, their health effects, EPA regulations, and methods for removing PFAS from drinking water. The document emphasizes the prevalence of PFAS in various environmental sources and the potential health risks associated with exposure to these substances

CDC’s Division of Laboratory Sciences coordinates the National Biomonitoring Program (NBP) which offers an assessment of nutritional status and the exposure of the U.S. population to environmental chemicals and toxic substances.

Discusses a study that was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of using solar disinfection to treat drinking water in Bolivia. The study found that solar disinfection was successful in reducing the presence of bacteria in the water and producing clean drinking water.

Author: CAWST

CAWST's resource highlights biosand filters as an affordable and versatile solution for enhancing water quality. These filters use sand, gravel, and biological materials to eliminate impurities, making them suitable for developing nations, disaster zones, and even developed countries. Regular maintenance ensures their efficiency and safety.

This review concisely summarizes the critical factors that influence the performance of ceramic water filters.

Report on the challenges of disseminating sustainable technologies in India. The report focuses on the barriers to scaling up sustainable technologies in India.

Impact of improved water and sanitation on pediatric diarrhea and infant mortality rates in the Gaza Strip.

Microplastics (MP) release dissolved organic matter (MP-DOM) into aquatic systems, especially when they degrade due to UV exposure. This study found that UV increases DOM leaching from additive-free plastics. Unlike typical natural DOM, MP-DOM has low molecular weight and can produce toxic trihalomethanes (similar to natural DOM) when chlorinated. This points to a previously overlooked environmental risk from UV-affected microplastics.

Some chemicals can make you sick if they are in your tap water at unsafe levels. Learn which chemicals most often contaminate tap water and cause disease, and how to remove them.

The role of the gut microbiome in the development of colorectal cancer and discusses the potential of microbiome-based interventions for the prevention and treatment of this disease.

Chloramines can cause eye irritation, respiratory problems, and skin rashes in swimmers and provides guidance for aquatics professionals on how to prevent and control chloramine formation in swimming pools.

The study found that in-line chlorination can improve household stored drinking water quality and reduce child diarrhoea in low-income urban settings with intermittent water supply.

Discusses the global burden of cholera, a bacterial infection that causes severe diarrhea and dehydration, and can lead to death if left untreated.

The main objective of this study is to estimate the drought vulnerability in changing climate which eventually influences the food security of India.

In areas affected by disasters or in developing countries, water-related diseases are a concern. Traditional treatments like boiling can be costly. Solar water disinfection (SODIS) offers an affordable solution, usually using small plastic bottles. However, for larger community needs, 19-L containers have been effective. This paper highlights the importance of large-volume SODIS and discusses its challenges.

The article discusses the importance of community engagement in improving WASH outcomes and provides an overview of different types of community engagement interventions.

A collaborative guide providing insights and solutions for water supply in emergency situations, including strategies for ensuring water availability, minimizing waste, and providing safe access to water points.

Causes of groundwater contamination, the potential health effects of contaminated groundwater, and the methods used to prevent and treat groundwater contamination.