Author: DoSomething

11 Facts About Water in the Developing World

In this systematic review, a range of challenges experienced by women relating to inadequate WASH resources are described and their intersection with health are explored.

This paper explores the potential of technologically driven water solutions to effect change in developing countries.

Questions and answers about lead in drinking water -- health effects, EPA regulations etc.

Author: US EPA

Questions and answers about lead in drinking water -- health effects, EPA regulations etc.

Author: Oregon Health Authority

Health effects of benzene in drinking water, including the potential for increased risk of cancer and other adverse health outcomes.

Author: Bautista-Toledo, I., Ferro-García, M. A., Rivera-Utrilla, J., Moreno-Castilla, C., Fernández, F. J. Vegas

A review of the literature on the occurrence and fate of the pharmaceutical drug tamoxifen in the environment, including its sources, levels, and potential impacts on human and environmental health.

Author: UN-Water

Overview of progress towards achieving Sustainable Development Goal 6, which aims to ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all, and highlights the need for urgent action to accelerate progress towards achieving the goal.

Author: Harris, Jamie D., Byrd, Kaylin

The doccument covers the sources of PFAS, their health effects, EPA regulations, and methods for removing PFAS from drinking water. The document emphasizes the prevalence of PFAS in various environmental sources and the potential health risks associated with exposure to these substances

Author: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

CDC’s Division of Laboratory Sciences coordinates the National Biomonitoring Program (NBP) which offers an assessment of nutritional status and the exposure of the U.S. population to environmental chemicals and toxic substances.

Author: Okurut, Kenan, Wozei, Eleanor, Kulabako, Robinah, Nabasirye, Lillian, Kinobe, Joel

Discusses a study that was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of using solar disinfection to treat drinking water in Bolivia. The study found that solar disinfection was successful in reducing the presence of bacteria in the water and producing clean drinking water.

Author: CAWST

CAWST's resource highlights biosand filters as an affordable and versatile solution for enhancing water quality. These filters use sand, gravel, and biological materials to eliminate impurities, making them suitable for developing nations, disaster zones, and even developed countries. Regular maintenance ensures their efficiency and safety.

This review concisely summarizes the critical factors that influence the performance of ceramic water filters.

Author: Yang, Haiyan, Xu, Shangping, Chitwood, Derek E., Wang, Yin

This review concisely summarizes the critical factors that influence the performance of ceramic water filters.

Author: Mukherjee, Amartya, Agarwal, Nishant, Newman, Charles

Report on the challenges of disseminating sustainable technologies in India. The report focuses on the barriers to scaling up sustainable technologies in India.

Author: Deal, Jeffery L., Check, Kristen, Chapman, Helena J., Salguero, H.

Impact of improved water and sanitation on pediatric diarrhea and infant mortality rates in the Gaza Strip.

Author: Deal, Jeffery Lee, Check, Kristen, Chapman, Helena J.

A study in rural Bangladesh showed distributing household water filters significantly reduced pediatric diarrhoea and infant mortality. Using a quasi-experimental design, the research had certain limitations like potential bias. The results underscore community engagement's role and the consistent, correct use of filters for optimal health outcomes.

Microplastics (MP) release dissolved organic matter (MP-DOM) into aquatic systems, especially when they degrade due to UV exposure. This study found that UV increases DOM leaching from additive-free plastics. Unlike typical natural DOM, MP-DOM has low molecular weight and can produce toxic trihalomethanes (similar to natural DOM) when chlorinated. This points to a previously overlooked environmental risk from UV-affected microplastics.

Author: Lee, Yun Kyung, Romera-Castillo, Cristina, Hong, Seongjin, Hur, Jin

Microplastics (MP) release dissolved organic matter (MP-DOM) into aquatic systems, especially when they degrade due to UV exposure. This study found that UV increases DOM leaching from additive-free plastics. Unlike typical natural DOM, MP-DOM has low molecular weight and can produce toxic trihalomethanes (similar to natural DOM) when chlorinated. This points to a previously overlooked environmental risk from UV-affected microplastics.

Some chemicals can make you sick if they are in your tap water at unsafe levels. Learn which chemicals most often contaminate tap water and cause disease, and how to remove them.

Author: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

Some chemicals can make you sick if they are in your tap water at unsafe levels. Learn which chemicals most often contaminate tap water and cause disease, and how to remove them.

Author: Coleman, Collin Knox, Mai, Eric, Miller, Megan, Sharma, Shalini, Williamson, Clark, Oza, Hemali, Holmes, Eleanor, Lamer, Marie, Ly, Christopher, Stewart, Jill, Sobsey, Mark D., Abebe, Lydia S.

The role of the gut microbiome in the development of colorectal cancer and discusses the potential of microbiome-based interventions for the prevention and treatment of this disease.

Author: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

Chloramines can cause eye irritation, respiratory problems, and skin rashes in swimmers and provides guidance for aquatics professionals on how to prevent and control chloramine formation in swimming pools.

Author: Water Quality Association (WQA)

The study found that in-line chlorination can improve household stored drinking water quality and reduce child diarrhoea in low-income urban settings with intermittent water supply.

Author: Chlorine Tablet Working Group

The guide provides information on the use of chlorine tablets as a water treatment method in emergency situations, such as natural disasters or humanitarian crises.

Author: Chlorine Tablet Working Group

The document provides comprehensive guidance on the selection of chlorine tablets for household water treatment in emergency situations. It outlines a procedure for assessing water quality, recipient context, taste and odor thresholds, and local context to determine the most appropriate chlorine tablet size.

Author: Water Mission

Discusses the global burden of cholera, a bacterial infection that causes severe diarrhea and dehydration, and can lead to death if left untreated.

The main objective of this study is to estimate the drought vulnerability in changing climate which eventually influences the food security of India.

Author: Roy, Paramita, Pal, Subodh Chandra, Chakrabortty, Rabin, Chowdhuri, Indrajit, Saha, Asish, Shit, Manisa

The main objective of this study is to estimate the drought vulnerability in changing climate which eventually influences the food security of India.

Author: Borde, Preeti, Elmusharaf, Khalifa, McGuigan, Kevin G., Keogh, Michael B.

In areas affected by disasters or in developing countries, water-related diseases are a concern. Traditional treatments like boiling can be costly. Solar water disinfection (SODIS) offers an affordable solution, usually using small plastic bottles. However, for larger community needs, 19-L containers have been effective. This paper highlights the importance of large-volume SODIS and discusses its challenges.

In areas affected by disasters or in developing countries, water-related diseases are a concern. Traditional treatments like boiling can be costly. Solar water disinfection (SODIS) offers an affordable solution, usually using small plastic bottles. However, for larger community needs, 19-L containers have been effective. This paper highlights the importance of large-volume SODIS and discusses its challenges.

Author: Tsekleves, Emmanuel, Braga, Mariana Fonseca, Abonge, Christiana, Santana, Marli, Pickup, Roger, Anchang, Kenneth Yongabi, de Pippo, Tommaso, Semple, Kirk, Roy, Manoj

The article discusses the importance of community engagement in improving WASH outcomes and provides an overview of different types of community engagement interventions.

Author: Coerver, Arno, Ewers, Lorenz, Fewster, Eric, Galbraith, Declan, Gensch, Robert, Matta, Vijay, Peter, Maryna

A collaborative guide providing insights and solutions for water supply in emergency situations, including strategies for ensuring water availability, minimizing waste, and providing safe access to water points.

Author: Water Science School

Causes of groundwater contamination, the potential health effects of contaminated groundwater, and the methods used to prevent and treat groundwater contamination.

Copper overview for health professionals. Research health effects, dosing, sources, deficiency symptoms, side effects, and interactions here.

Author: National Institutes of Health (NIH)

Copper overview for health professionals. Research health effects, dosing, sources, deficiency symptoms, side effects, and interactions here.

Author: Water Quality Association (WQA)

Health risks associated with exposure to copper in drinking water, as well as the sources and levels of copper in water.

Author: Pickering, Amy J, Crider, Yoshika, Sultana, Sonia, Swarthout, Jenna, Goddard, Frederick GB, Islam, Syed Anjerul, Sen, Shreyan, Ayyagari, Raga, and Luby, Stephen P.

Study conducted in urban Bangladesh that evaluates the effectiveness of in-line drinking water chlorination in reducing child diarrhea, and discusses the study design, limitations, and statistical analysis plan.

Author: CAWST

Online learning module on the correct, consistent, and continued use of household water treatment technologies.

Author: Soppe, A. I. A., Heijman, S. G. J., Gensburger, I., Shantz, A., van Halem, D., Kroesbergen, J., Wubbels, G. H., Smeets, P. W. M. H.

Discusses the importance of various parameters in the production of ceramic filters for household water treatment in developing countries.

Author: Mo, Feiyang, Zhou, Jianfeng, Yu, Cecilia, Liu, Feifei, Jumili, Manhitha, Wu, Yuxiao, Xie, Xing

The research article discusses the use of locally enhanced electric field treatment (LEEFT) and copper ionization for water disinfection. The study introduces a coaxial-electrode copper ionization cell (CECIC) that combines copper disinfection with LEEFT, demonstrating superior disinfection efficiency with low effluent copper concentrations.

Author: Šteflová, M., Koop, S. H. A., Fragkou, M. C., Mees, H.

Systematic review and meta-analysis that highlights the effectiveness of water, sanitation, and hygiene interventions in reducing the incidence of diarrhea and other waterborne diseases in children in less developed countries.

Author: Sellers, Charlie, Vinyard, Ryan

Provides tips for designing products that are easy to manufacture, including simplifying designs, minimizing the number of parts, and using standard components.

Author: Wainaina, George Kiambuthi, Ochieng, Fredrick, Peter, Maryna, Raude, James Messo, Meierhofer, Regula, Marks, Sara J.

Point-of-use water treatments like ceramic filters and chlorination enhance water quality and curb waterborne diseases in low-income nations. Their effectiveness is swayed by user behavior, maintenance, and water source quality. Incorporating community-based strategies, involving local stakeholders, amplifies the longevity and efficacy of water interventions.

Author: Wainaina, George, Ochieng, Fredrick, Peter, Maryna, Raude, Jame, Meierhofer, Regula, Marks, Sarah

A cross-sectional survey of water, sanitation, and hygiene (WaSH) conditions in schools in low socio-economic regions in Nicaragua.

Author: Tiwari, V., Singh, J. P., Sahota, P., Singh, N. N., Singh, K.

The PDF describes the design, development, and evaluation of a low-cost portable water filter for canal water potability. The filter is equipped with a provision for injecting sodium hypochlorite solution to remove bacterial contaminants and has been tested for its effectiveness in removing suspended solids and improving water quality parameters.

Author: Zimmer, C, Dorea, C.C.

The article discusses the discrepancy between laboratory and field performance of point-of-use water treatment (POUWT) techniques and proposes a strategy to help mitigate the research gap and explore the potential to improve current health risk assessments and recommendations by public health entities and manufacturers of POUWT products.

Author: Schmid, Peter, Kohler, Martin, Meierhofer, Regula, Luzi, Samuel, Wegelin, Martin

Solar water disinfection (SODIS) is a low-cost method used in developing countries, treating water using sunlight in polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles for 6 hours. Concerns arose about chemical release from PET. This study assessed the transfer of substances from PET to water under SODIS conditions. Results indicated low concentrations of potentially harmful chemicals, with the SODIS procedure deemed safe regarding human exposure to these substances.

Solar water disinfection (SODIS) is a low-cost method used in developing countries, treating water using sunlight in polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles for 6 hours. Concerns arose about chemical release from PET. This study assessed the transfer of substances from PET to water under SODIS conditions. Results indicated low concentrations of potentially harmful chemicals, with the SODIS procedure deemed safe regarding human exposure to these substances.

Author: Self, J.R.

Information on the different types of contaminants that can be found in drinking water, their sources, and the health effects of consuming water with high levels of these contaminants.