Water fluoridation is the process of adding fluoride to public water supplies to improve dental health. Fluoride is a naturally occurring mineral that helps prevent tooth decay by strengthening tooth enamel and making it more resistant to acid attacks from bacteria and sugars in the mouth

Water fluoridation has been recognized as a safe and effective public health measure for over 75 years. It is endorsed by numerous organizations, including the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the American Dental Association (ADA), and the World Health Organization (WHO).

The optimal level of fluoride in drinking water is 0.7 milligrams per liter (mg/L), which provides the maximum benefit for preventing tooth decay while minimizing the risk of dental fluorosis, a cosmetic condition that can cause white spots or streaks on teeth. Public water systems are required to monitor fluoride levels and adjust the amount of fluoride added to maintain the optimal level. Homeowners who use private wells can have their water tested for fluoride and consider using a home treatment system if levels are too low or too high.